Top 10 Python Libraries

Followings are 10 of the most popular and widely used Python libraries as on December 2023 and their key usages:

1. NumPy:

• Foundation for numerical computing in Python.
• Efficiently handles large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices.
• Offers mathematical functions, linear algebra operations, and random number generation.
• Essential for scientific computing, data analysis, and machine learning.

2. Pandas:

• High-performance data analysis and manipulation tool.
• Provides DataFrame and Series data structures for working with tabular data.
• Enables data cleaning, transformation, aggregation, and visualization.
• Widely used in data science, finance, statistics, and social sciences.

3. Matplotlib:

• Comprehensive library for creating static, animated, and interactive visualizations.
• Offers a wide range of plot types, including line, scatter, bar, histogram, pie charts, and 3D plots.
• Highly customizable and integrates well with other libraries.

4. Scikit-learn:

• Versatile machine learning library with a user-friendly API.
• Includes a variety of algorithms for classification, regression, clustering, dimensionality reduction, model selection, and preprocessing.
• Built on NumPy and SciPy, making it efficient and scalable.

5. TensorFlow:

• Open-source platform for numerical computation and large-scale machine learning.
• Used for building and training neural networks, deep learning models, and other machine learning algorithms.
• Supports distributed training, model deployment, and mobile development.

6. Keras:

• High-level API for building and training neural networks, written in Python and capable of running on top of TensorFlow or other backends.
• Known for its user-friendliness and ease of experimentation.
• Widely used for rapid prototyping and research in deep learning.

7. Requests:

• User-friendly library for making HTTP requests in Python.
• Simplifying interactions with web services and APIs.
• Handles headers, cookies, sessions, and authentication.

8. Beautiful Soup:

• Powerful library for parsing HTML and XML documents.
• Extracting data from websites, web scraping, and data cleaning tasks.
• Handles malformed markup and offers a variety of navigation and search methods.

9. SQLAlchemy:

• Object-relational mapper (ORM) for working with databases in Python.
• Abstracts database interactions, allowing you to work with data in a Pythonic way.
• Supports a wide range of database systems.

10. Flask:

• Lightweight and flexible web framework for building web applications in Python.
• Easy to learn and use, making it suitable for both small and large projects.
• Offers a modular design and a variety of extensions for different functionalities.

< HOME >

Python Pandas Series MCQs

 

Python Programming MCQs

Pandas Series

10 important MCQs related to Python Pandas Series, along with their answers:

---

1. What is a Pandas Series?

(A) One-dimensional labelled array 
(B) Two-dimensional labelled array 
(C) Three-dimensional labelled array 
(D) None of the above

2. How do you access a value from a Pandas Series?

(A) series[index] 
(B) series.index[value] 
(C) series.values[index] 
(D) series.data[index]

3. How do you sort a Pandas Series?

(A) series.index() 
(B) series.sort_values() 
(C) series.ascending() 
(D) series.descending()

4. How do you create a Pandas Series?

(A) import pandas as pd
    s = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
(B) import pandas as pd
    s = pd.Series(data=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
(C) import pandas as pd
    s = pd.Series(index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], data=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
(D) All of the above

5. Which of the following is a valid way to create a slice from Pandas Series "s"?

(A) s[:3]
(B) s[2:]
(C) s[1:4]
(D) All of the above

6. How can you find the sum of a Pandas Series (assuming all elements are numbers) ?

(A) series.sum()
(B) series.mean()
(C) series.std()
(D) None of the above.

7. How can you plot a Pandas Series as a line graph?

(A) series.plot(kind=’pie’)
(B) series.plot(kind='line')
(C) series.plot(kind='bar')
(D) None of the above.

8. Predict output of following python pandas code:

import pandas as pd

series1 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10])

print(series1[1]+series1[3])

(A) 7
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 13

9. How can you check if a Pandas Series has any NaN values?

(A) Check the Series' dtype.
(B) Use the isna() method.
(C) Use the notnull() method.
(D) Check the Series' length.

10. Predict output of following python code:

import pandas as pd

series1 = pd.Series([3, 2, 4])

print(series1-1)

(A) Syntax error
(B) 1
(C) -2
(D) 

0 2

1 1

2 3

dtype: int64

---

ANSWERS: Python Pandas Series MCQs:

1.  (A) One-dimensional labelled array

2.  (A) series[index]

3.  (B) series.sort_values()

4.  (D) All of the above

5.  (D) All of the above

6.  (A) series.sum()

7.  (B) series.plot(kind='line')

8.  (A) 7

9.  (B) Use the isna() method

10. (D)

0    2

1    1

2    3

dtype: int64

 

< Back to Python MCQs >

Python Pandas MCQs Set 1

 

MCQs based on Python Pandas

10 important MCQs related to Python Pandas, along with their answers:

---

1. What is the purpose of the pandas library?

(a) To perform data analysis and manipulation

(b) To create web applications

(c) To handle machine learning tasks

(d) To visualize data

2. What is the difference between a DataFrame and a Series in Pandas?

(a) A DataFrame is a two-dimensional data structure, while a Series is a one-dimensional data structure.

(b) A DataFrame can store data of different types, while a Series can only store data of a single type.

(c) A DataFrame is like an Excel worksheet, while a Series is like a column of an Excel worksheet.

(d) All of the above

3. What is the output of the following code?

import pandas as pd

data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'], 'Age': [32, 25, 27]}

df = pd.DataFrame(data)

print(df['Age'].max())

(a) 27

(b) 25

(c) 32

(d) None of these

4. Which of the following is not a built-in data structure in Pandas?

(a) Series

(b) DataFrame

(c) Panel

(d) Numpy ndarray

5. What is the purpose of the head() function in Pandas?

(a) To print the first few rows of a DataFrame

(b) To sort a DataFrame by a specific column

(c) To calculate the mean of a DataFrame

(d) To create a new DataFrame from an existing DataFrame

6. What is the purpose of the tail() function in Pandas?

(a) To print the first few rows of a DataFrame

(b) To sort a DataFrame by a specific column

(c) To calculate the mean of a DataFrame

(d) To create a new DataFrame from an existing DataFrame

7. What is the purpose of the dropna() function in Pandas?

(a) To print the first few rows of a DataFrame

(b) To sort a DataFrame by a specific column

(c) To calculate summary statistics for a DataFrame

(d) To remove rows from a DataFrame that contain missing values

8. What is the purpose of the fillna() function in Pandas?

(a) To print the first few rows of a DataFrame

(b) To sort a DataFrame by a specific column

(c) To calculate summary statistics for a DataFrame

(d) To replace missing values in a DataFrame

9. What is the output of the following python pandas code?

import pandas as pd

data = {'Name': ['Sunit', 'Bob', 'Amit'], 'Age': [32, 25, 27]}

df = pd.DataFrame(data)

print(df['Age'].mean())

(a) 32

(b) 28.0

(c) 25

(d) 27

10. How do you access a specific column in a pandas DataFrame?

(a) df[column_name]

(b) df.column_name

(c) df.get_column(column_name)

(d) df['column_name']

---

Python Pandas MCQs Answers:

1. (a) To perform data analysis and manipulation

2. (d) All of the above

3. (c) 32

4. (d) Numpy ndarray

5. (a) To print the first few rows of a DataFrame

6. (d) To print the last few rows of a DataFrame

7. (d) To remove rows from a DataFrame that contain missing values

8. (d) To replace missing values in a DataFrame

9. (b) 28.0

10.(d) df['column_name']

 

< Back to Python MCQs >

Python Basics MCQs Set 2

MCQs based on Python Basics (Set 2)

10 important MCQs related to Python basic syntax, along with their answers:

---

1. Which of the following is the correct syntax for assigning a value to a variable in Python?

(a) my_variable := 10

(b) my_variable = 10

(c) my_variable = "10"

(d) my_variable '10'

2. What is the output of the following Python code?

print("Hello, World!)

(a) Hello, World!

(b) "Hello, World!

(c) Syntax Error

(d) Import Error

3. What is the data type of the variable my_number in the following Python code?

my_number = 10

(a) int

(b) float

(c) string

(d) boolean

4. Which of the following is the correct syntax for an if statement in Python?

(a) if condition:

      body

(b) if condition;

      body

(c) if condition: {

      body }

(d) if condition; {

      body }

5. What is the difference between the + and = operators in Python?

(a) The + operator is used for addition of numbers, while the = operator is used for assignment.

(b) The + operator is used for concatenation of numbers, while the = operator is used for assignment.

(c) The + operator is used for assignment while the = operator is used for addition.

(d) None of these

6. What is the purpose of the print() function in Python?

(a) To print output to the console

(b) To read input from the user

(c) To convert data types

(d) To check if a string is empty

7. What is the purpose of the indentation in Python code?

(a) To make the code more readable

(b) To define code blocks

(c) To prevent errors

(d) All of the above

8. What is the purpose of the for loop in Python?

(a) To prevent errors from occurring

(b) To check if a condition is true

(c) To handle errors in code

(d) To iterate over a sequence of items

9. Which of the following is not a valid Python identifier?

(a) my_variable

(b) 1st_name

(c) while1

(d) _my_variable

10. What is the purpose of the input() function in Python?

(a) To convert data types

(b) To print output to the console

(c) To read input from the user

(d) To check if a string is empty

Answers

1. (b) my_variable = 10

2. (c) Syntax Error

3. (a) int

4. (a) if condition:

         body

5. (a) The + operator is used for addition of numbers, while the = operator is used for assignment. 

6. (a) To print output to the console

7. (b) To define code blocks

8. (d) To iterate over a sequence of items

9. (b) 1st_name

10. (c) To read input from the user

< Back to Python MCQs >

Python String MCQs Set 1

MCQs based on Python String

---

1. Which of the following methods is used to convert a string to uppercase?

A.   upper()

B.    capitalize()

C.    title()

D.   all()

 

2. Which of the following methods is used to remove whitespace from the beginning and end of a string?

A.   lstrip()

B.    rstrip()

C.    strip()

D.   replace()

 

3. Which of the following methods is used to count the number of occurrences of a substring in a string?

A.   count()

B.    find()

C.    index()

D.   rfind()

 

4. Which of the following methods is used to split a string into a list of words?

A.   split()

B.    splitlines()

C.    partition()

D.   rsplit()

 

5. Which of the following methods is used to format a string with placeholder values?

A.   format()

B.    f-strings

C.    % operator

D.   str.format()

 

6. Which of the following is the correct syntax for replacing all occurrences of a substring within a string with another substring?

A.   string.replace(old, new)

B.    replace(string, old, new)

C.    string.replaceAll(old, new)

D.   string.replaceSubstring(old, new)

7. Which of the following is the correct syntax for splitting a string into a list of words based on spaces?

A.   string.split()

B.    split(string)

C.    string.splitWords()

D.   string.wordSplit()

 

---

Answers:

1. (A) upper()

2. (C) strip()

3. (A) count()

4. (A) split()

5. (D) str.format()

6. (A) string.replace(old, new)

7. (A) string.split()

< Back to Python MCQs >

 

Top 10 Python if .. else programs

Python if else statement is one of the popular decision making statement. Refer following top 10 python programs based on if..else statement.

Top 10 Python if else Programs

1. Age Classifier: Classify a person's age into categories like child, teenager, or adult.

age = int(input("Enter your age: "))

if age < 18:

    print("Child/Teenager")

else:

    print("Adult")

Output:

Enter your age: 16 Child/Teenager

2. Positive, Negative, or Zero: Check if a number is positive, negative, or zero.

num = float(input("Enter a number: "))

if num > 0:

    print("Positive")

elif num < 0:

    print("Negative")

else:

    print("Zero")

Output:

Enter a number: 5 Positive

3. Even or Odd Checker: Check if a number is even or odd.

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

if num % 2 == 0:

    print("It's Even")

else:

    print("It's Odd")

Output:

Enter a number: 6 It's Even

4. Grade Calculator: Calculate and display the grade based on a student's score.

score = int(input("Enter your score: "))

if score >= 90:

    print("A Grade")

elif score >= 80:

    print("B Grade")

elif score >= 70:

    print("C Grade")

else:

    print("F Grade")

Output:

Enter your score: 85 B Grade

5. Largest Number Finder: Find the largest among three numbers.

num1 = float(input("Enter the first number: "))

num2 = float(input("Enter the second number: "))

num3 = float(input("Enter the third number: "))

if num1 >= num2 and num1 >= num3:

    print("Largest number is", num1)

elif num2 >= num1 and num2 >= num3:

    print("Largest number is", num2)

else:

    print("Largest number is", num3)

Output:

Enter the first number: 10 Enter the second number: 11 Enter the third number: 12.5 Largest number is 12.5

6. Vowel or Consonant: Determine if a character is a vowel or consonant.

char = input("Enter a character: ")

if char in 'aeiouAEIOU':

    print("It's Vowel")

else:

    print("It's Consonant")

Output:

Enter a character: a It's Vowel

7. Positive or Negative Number List: Separate positive and negative numbers in a list.

numbers = [1, -2, 3, -4, 5, -6]

positive = []

negative = []

for num in numbers:

    if num >= 0:

        positive.append(num)

    else:

        negative.append(num)

print("Positive numbers:", positive)

print("Negative numbers:", negative)

Output:

Positive numbers: [1, 3, 5] Negative numbers: [-2, -4, -6]

8. User Authentication: Authenticate a user based on a username and password.

username = input("Enter username: ")

password = input("Enter password: ")

if username == "admin" and password == "password":

    print("Login successful")

else:

    print("Login failed")

Output:

Enter username: admin Enter password: password Login successful

9. Triangle Type Checker: Determine the type of triangle based on its sides.

a = float(input("Enter side a: "))

b = float(input("Enter side b: "))

c = float(input("Enter side c: "))

if a == b == c:

    print("Equilateral triangle")

elif a == b or b == c or a == c:

    print("Isosceles triangle")

else:

    print("Scalene triangle")

Output:

Enter side a: 6 Enter side b: 6 Enter side c: 6 Equilateral triangle

10. Check if a string is a palindrome.

string = input("Enter a string: ")

reversed_string = string[::-1]

if string == reversed_string:

  print("The string is a palindrome.")

else:

  print("The string is not a palindrome.")

Output:

Enter a string: ABCBA The string is a palindrome.

< Home >

Python Advantages and Disadvantages

Some of the key advantages and disadvantages of Python programming are listed below:

Advantages of Python:

• Easy to learn and use. Python has a simple and easy-to-understand syntax that makes it a great language for beginners.
• Powerful and versatile. Python is a general-purpose language that can be used for a wide variety of tasks, including web development, data science, machine learning, and artificial intelligence.
• Open-source and free. Python is an open-source language, which means that it is free to use and distribute. There is also a large community of Python developers who contribute to the language and its libraries.
• Wide range of libraries and frameworks. Python has a wide range of libraries and frameworks that make it easy to develop complex applications. It has a vast library of modules and packages that can be used to perform a variety of tasks.
• Portable. Python code can be run on a variety of platforms, including Windows, macOS, Linux, and Unix. This makes it a great language for developing cross-platform applications.

Disadvantages of Python:

• Slow performance. Python is not as fast as some other programming languages, such as C++ or Java. This can be a disadvantage for applications that require high performance.
• Database access: Python's database access layer is not as mature as some other languages, such as Java or C#. This can make it more difficult to develop database-intensive applications in Python.
• Dynamically typed. Python is a dynamically typed language, which means that the type of a variable is not checked until it is used. This can lead to errors if the variable is not used correctly.
• Not as good for low-level programming. Python is not as good as some other languages for low-level programming, such as writing device drivers or operating system kernels.
• Package management: Python has a large number of packages and libraries, which can make it difficult to manage dependencies and avoid version conflicts.

Despite these disadvantages, Python is a powerful and versatile language that is used by millions of developers around the world. It is a great choice for a variety of tasks, including web development, data science, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. It is a great choice for a variety of tasks, and its advantages often outweigh its disadvantages.

< Home >